Technicalkiduniya

What is SQL? SQL stands for the structured query language. It is pronounced as S-Q-L or sometimes see-qwell. In 1986 SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute(ANSI) , and of the International Organisation for Standardization(ISO) in 1987. SQL is used for storing, manipulating , retrieving, and updating data stored in the relational database. SQL is the standard language for Relational Database System. All  Relational Database Management System like MySQL, MS Access, Oracle, SQL Server use SQL as their standard database language. SQL is also used to perform various operations on the records stored in the database such as creating tables, modifying tables, updating records, deleting records, etc. SQL is just a query language, it is not a database. SQL is based on relational algebra and tuple relational calculus. Functions of SQL:- It allows the user to describe the data. Users can access data from the relational database management system. With SQL, user...

DATA MODELS:- Data Models as the name specifies modelling of data description, data semantics, consistency constraints of the data. Database models define the logical design and structure of the database and defines how data will be stored, what data will be stored, how data will be accessed and updated in the database management system. With the help of data models, data abstraction is achieved for describing the design of the database at each level.1 Types of Data Models:- Hierarchical Models Network Models Entity-Relational Models Relational Model Hierarchical Models:- I n this model data is organised into a tree-like structure. There is one root node and other child nodes connect with the root node . The hierarchy starts from the Root and it expands like a tree adding child nodes to the parent nodes.In this type of model, a child node will only have a one single parent node. 2. Network Models:- Network model is an extension of the Hierarchical model. In this model, data is organi...

Loop: - When you need to executed a block of code several numbers of time,the statement are executed sequentially. The first statement in a function is executed first,followed by the second and so on. A Loop statement is allow us to execute a statement or a group of statement multiple times.                                        Types of Loops:-       1.while-loop:- It repeats the statement or a group of statement while a giving condition is true.It tests the condition before executing the loop body.It consists of a test expression.If the test expression is evaluated to true,then statement inside the while loop are executed.If False,then it terminate.                       ...

Architecture of DBMS The DBMS design depends upon the architecture.  For dealing with large numbers of pc and web servers, database servers, and other components basic client/server architecture is used. The architecture of DBMS depends on the computer on which we run the database.   A DBMS can be centralized i.e all data stored at one location, decentralized i.e multiple copies of the database at different locations or hierarchical, depending upon its architecture.  DBMS architecture can be either a single-tier or multi-tier. An architecture having n-tier splits the entire system into related but independent n modules that can be independently customized, changed, altered, or replaced.  Types of DBMS Architecture 1-Tier Architecture:- In 1-tier architecture database is directly used by the end-user. It means that the user can directly use the database for storing the data, retrieving the data, etc.  If the user made any changes in the database it can be done on...

What is Data? Data is nothing but facts stored over a network. For designing database data is a primary need. Basically, we can say that data is a building block of any database. Generally, it is raw and unprocessed. when we processed the data it is called information. We apply some rules and regulations for transforming data into meaningful information. What is Database? The database is a collection of inter-related data which is used to retrieve, insert, update and delete the data efficiently. The database is also used to organized data into the form of tables, views and schema. During earlier days data is stored on tapes on which once data is stored it can never be changed. This approach is slow and bulky. Due to this problem, the computer scientist realized that they need a better solution to this problem. Then co-founder of oracle Larry-Ellison was amongst the first few who realized the need for software-based data management system. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DBMS is a software w...

In this we will discuss about C# If-Statement. If-Statements are used for making decision,they are very useful and likely to be used frequently. The condition must be Boolean,so it is either true or false. Use  if  to specify a block of code to executed. Syntax:- if(condition) { .....code to be executed } ******* using System; class Program {        static void Main()        {            string username = null;            Console.WriteLine("Enter username: ");            username = Console.ReadLine(); if  (username == "technicalkiduniya")                    {                        Console.WriteLine("Welcome to +  username);                     }           ...

In this we will discuss:- 1. Boolean type:-  A boolean type is declared with bool keyword and can only take the values true or false. In programming,you will need a data type that can only have one of two values,like:                             * YES / NO                             * ON / OFF                             * TRUE / FALSE For this,C# has a bool data type,which can take the values true or false. Syntax:- using System; class Program {            static void Main()            {               bool isCSharpFun = true;               bool isFishTasty    = false;               Console.WriteLine(i...

    In this we will discuss:-    1.Reading from the console:-Way to read input from console Use the ReadLine() method to read input from the console. It comes under console class.If the standard input device is keyboard,the readline method block until the user presses the enter key 2. Writing to a console:- To print a message to the console,we use the writeline() method of console class.The class represents the standard output and error streams for console application. 3. Concatenation:- It is the operation of joining character strings end to end.You concatenate strings by using the + operator. For example,the concatenation of "hello" and "world" is "helloworld". Reading and Writing to console:- using System; class Program {         static void main()         {         Console.WriteLine("Please enter your name");                string UserName = Console.ReadLine(); ...

1. In this we will learn the basic structure of c# program.The program we used is shown below:-       using  System; class  Program {       static void  Main()     {          Console .WriteLine ( "Welcome to C# Training" );      } } 2. using System:-   It indicates that you are using namespace declaration.Namespace is collection of different delegates,enums and is used to organize too many classes so that it can be easy to handle the application. If we not used using System declaration then we have to use fully classified name of console class.                                                    3. Main() method :- It is the entry point of c# application.When the application is started,the Main Method is the first method that is invoked. In an c# applicat...